Regression testing is a software testing technique that verifies that changes or modifications to a software system do not introduce new defects or adversely affect existing functionality. It aims to ensure that previously tested features continue to function correctly after changes have been made, either to the software itself or to its environment.
When new features are added, bugs are fixed, or enhancements are made to the software, regression testing is performed to validate that these modifications have not unintentionally caused any regression or degradation in the system's performance. It helps prevent the reoccurrence of previously fixed bugs and ensures that the system remains stable and reliable.
Regression testing typically involves the following steps:
Selecting Test Cases: Test cases that cover the areas affected by the changes are selected from the existing test suite. These test cases serve as a baseline for verifying the correct functioning of the modified system.
Executing Test Cases: The selected test cases are executed to ensure that the modified software behaves as expected and that the existing functionality has not been negatively impacted.
Comparing Results: The actual results obtained from executing the test cases are compared with the expected results. Any discrepancies or deviations indicate potential defects or regressions.
Investigating Failures: If any test cases fail during regression testing, the failures are investigated to determine the cause. The defects are reported and addressed as needed.
Regression testing can be performed manually or using automated testing tools. Automated regression testing is especially beneficial when there are a large number of test cases or when frequent modifications are made to the software. Automated tools can execute the tests quickly and efficiently, reducing the time and effort required for regression testing.
The frequency of regression testing depends on factors such as the complexity of the software, the frequency of changes, and the criticality of the impacted areas. It is often performed as part of the software development lifecycle, such as during the integration testing phase, before release, or as part of continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines.
By conducting regression testing, software development teams can ensure that modifications do not introduce new defects, maintain the integrity of the software, and provide confidence in the stability of the system.
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