What is a bug report?

A bug report, also known as a defect report or an issue report, is a document that provides detailed information about a discovered bug or defect in a software system. It serves as a communication tool between testers, developers, and other stakeholders, enabling them to understand, track, and resolve the reported issue.

A bug report typically includes the following information:

Title/Summary: A concise and descriptive title that summarizes the essence of the bug or defect.

Description: A detailed description of the bug, including the observed behavior, expected behavior, and steps to reproduce the issue. It should provide sufficient information for developers to understand and replicate the problem.

Environment Details: Information about the software environment in which the bug was encountered, including the operating system, hardware, software version, configurations, and any other relevant setup details.

Severity/Priority: The impact or severity level of the bug, indicating how critical it is to the software's functionality or user experience. Priority determines the order in which the bug should be addressed.

Reproducibility: Indication of how consistently the bug can be reproduced. This helps developers in identifying and debugging the issue.

Attachments/Screenshots: Any relevant files, screenshots, or additional materials that can aid in understanding and resolving the bug.

Test Case References: If the bug was discovered during testing, references to the related test case(s) or test scenario(s) that exposed the issue.

Assigned To: The person or team responsible for investigating and fixing the bug. It helps track the ownership and progress of the bug resolution process.

Status and History: The current status of the bug (e.g., open, assigned, in progress, fixed, closed) and a history of actions taken, including comments, updates, and discussions.

Bug reports are crucial for efficient bug tracking, analysis, and resolution. They provide a structured way to document and communicate issues, ensuring that developers have the necessary information to understand and address the reported bugs. Well-written bug reports help improve collaboration between testers and developers, leading to more effective bug fixes and ultimately enhancing the software's quality and reliability.

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